Thoughts

Social impact
Everyone had expected that Mass Tourism would bring many advantages such as Cultural exchange, discovering new culture between population…Although, more and more we realize an uncultured of residents. Tourism industries have a direct impact to the inhabitants because they are the first link between tourists and locals
Culture shock:
Culture shock may derive from several causes, such as the loss of familiar cues in one's ability to interact with people of different cultural backgrounds, the language differences, the salience of the cultural differences and non-verbal communication difficulties with the local communities. Not only tourists experience the shock; the host population can also be stressed by contacts with the tourist culture.
 For instance luxury seaside resorts destined for wealthy holiday-makers, Tourists are isolated from poor areas in the same region. Luxury meets misery. In that way, the natives often feel a kind of inferiority complex and try to imitate tourists’ behavior with the desire to live and possess like tourists and at the same time produce a kind of hate feeling towards those wealthy tourists.
Sometimes, visitors arrive in a destination provoking an irreversible damage due to the search of superficial exoticism and new horizon. With that needs, Locals come forth with traditional ceremonies, events perfectly organized by big firms of Tourism industries. Unfortunately, time after time, it will lead to folklorization. The tourists’ differences are emphasized. The point becomes individual marking not on what behind us. Seeing natives’ performance is, consciously or unconsciously by arrogance of the “colonizer” who estimates the performance as tribute to his superiority. As a consequence, it has generated a form of sub culture that humiliates both tourists and the host community.

In Hawaii, hotels and resorts have been built on sites that are culturally significant to Native Hawaiians. Despite their protests, ancient burial grounds have been bulldozed.
Source: Tourism Concern

Forced local migration
In top tourism destination, there are many cases where locals are obliged to move definitely without compensation on their own land because big tourism industries will make bug projects: Hotels, entertainment and leisure resorts …
Natives have to move away to towns or slums after spending their entire life on their own land and give up their traditional works and way of life
In 1997 Althea, a young lawyer working in London returned to Jamaica, the country of her birth, for a holiday. She set off from her village to walk along the beach – only to find that the path was blocked. "The best beaches have now been privatized and it is no longer possible for local people to go there. Fishermen have suffered most as they can no longer beach their boats and land their catches on these beaches. All I wanted to do was walk along the sand but a security guard stopped me. I wasn't even allowed to dip my toes in the water! Our beaches are lovely but they should b enjoyed by everyone.

She now senses a very deep resentment of tourists amongst Jamaicans. "Jamaica is a popular tourist destination, but the majority of people do not benefit from tourism, despite the money it brings into the country. “Theoretically in law all land up to the high-water mark is public”
Source: Tourism Concern
Sexual tourism and child prostitution
Some countries actually are really affected by sexual tourism in the hope of promoting their destinations. They use openly or indirectly prostitution as tool to seduce their tourists to come. As a consequence, sexual tourists arrive and causing irreversible sad impacts to local society such as HIV/ AIDS, abused children emotionally, physically, and psychologically. United Nations informed “More than 1m children are sexually abused by tourists every year”
Environmental impact:
Mass tourism threats many natural areas around the world, its development can put pressure on natural resources when it increases consumption in areas where resources are already scarce.
Water
The majority of local people have no access to safe drinking water, besides the average tourist uses as much water in 24 hours as a third world villager would use to produce rice for 100 days. A single luxury hotel in a Third World country can use 66,000 gallons of water a day. In Goa women have to walk further and further to fetch fresh water as the booming tourism industry soaks it up for hotels. Goan Cartoon reported: "Goa has been declared a drought area…except the areas around tourists’ hotels, tourists’ hotspots, and ministers’ bungalows”
Land degradation
Important land resources include minerals, fossil fuels, fertile soil, forests, wetland and wildlife. Increased construction of tourism and recreational facilities has increased the pressure on these resources and on scenic landscapes. Direct impact on natural resources, both renewable and nonrenewable, in the provision of tourist facilities can be caused by the use of land for accommodation and other infrastructure provision, and the use of building materials.
Forests often suffer negative impacts of tourism in the form of deforestation caused by fuel wood collection and land clearing. For example, one trekking tourist in Nepal - and area already suffering the effects of deforestation - can use four to five kilograms of wood a day.
Construction of hotels, recreation and other facilities often leads to increased dirt pollution. Wastewater has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist attractions, damaging the flora and fauna. Sewage runoff causes serious damage to coral reefs because it stimulates the growth of algae, which cover the filter-feeding corals, hindering their ability to survive. Changes in salinity and siltation can have wide-ranging impacts on coastal environments. And sewage pollution can threaten the health of humans and animals.
Economic impact:
It is obvious, mass tourism has a most important effect on the local economics. Usually, we tend to think, and that’s it should be, development of tourists facilities and recreational opportunities could be defined as positive contribution to the national balance of payments. Besides, tourism industries seem to be more effective than other businesses in generating employments.
The trouble is the over dependence of tourist destinations on Tourism business. Tourism is volatile and highly susceptible to changes. From 2009 Madagascar has started a political crisis and since, the number of tourists has dropped down. Some parts of top destination of Madagascar have made themselves vulnerable to changes in tourism demand and trend.  They have adapted all their resources to tourism without realizing that some factors such as political situation instability, Global economic crisis, and conflicts are the most important facts at the time of choosing a holiday destination.
Tourism industries rarely employ local staff for senior management positions, preventing local farmers and workers from reaping the benefit of their presence. The employment of non-locals in executive and professional occupations, carrying greater responsibility and superior salaries to those available to local residents also provokes resentment and hate.

To conclude, tourism is very often seen a way of boosting regional growth, and that’s the way it supposed to be. However, it doesn’t always bring greater prosperity in a positive way and only few people get the real benefits. In that way, Aina Madagascar tend to think in alternative ways of Travelling for a sustainable tourism, a way to moderate the disadvantages of Mass tourism, encourage the development of cultural and rural tourism to sustain local cultures and traditional lifestyles, use the natural resources and environment in a sustainable way and aim to emphasize on human level meetings and sharing ideas, values…

Solidarity trips:
Solidarity tourism is a network of specialized information on solidarity, in a perspective both »responsible and fair, but more directly involved in solidarity projects: either the tour operator support actions of development or that a part of the trip income is used to support a rehabilitation project or a social project. It is an ethic for travelling that holds as its central goals the creation of economic opportunities for the local community, positive cultural exchange between guest and host through one-on-one interaction, the protection of the environment, and political/historical education. The trips and the stays are shared with the travelers and should always focus on intercultural relations in equitable way; give opportunity to the travelers to live and take part in community (villagers and host families. Those activities are developed by villagers with their consent and support
Ethical trips:
Ethical trips are an approach to travel which seeks to ensure that the local population benefits from tourists development and activities. In other words, Ethical tourism simply means tourism which benefits people and the environment in different destinations. It can offer a better income to families living in the area, by sourcing products and services locally. Ethical tourism has evolved as a term when one considers travelling to, or developing tourism in a destination where ethical issues are the key driver, e.g. social injustice, human rights, animal welfare or the environment. Ethical tourism is geared towards encouraging both the consumer and industry to avoid participation in activities that contribute or support negative ethical issues

Alternative concepts for economic and social development face hard times at the beginning of the twenty-first century. In the industrial nations, broadly discussed are only those “alternatives” that do not question the existing power relations of the capitalist system and representative democracies
Fair compensation has been a common demand among all workers throughout capitalist history, from unionized industrial workers to secretaries to farmers, and everyone in between. The problem arises when we try to define "fair." In absolute terms, no compensation scheme devised under the logic of capitalism is "fair." There is always a capitalist, the "owner" of either capital or the means of production, lurking behind the scenes to take his or her cut from work done by others. Whether factory owners, bankers or investors, the capitalist is always there to take part of the fruits of labor for him or herself, even though the capital s/he "owns" is really nothing more than the accumulated result of labor done previously by other workers.
In relative terms, the further a worker is from the centers of capitalism, the less fair the return for his/her work. Accountants, lawyers, technicians and other highly trained professionals who live in major urban centers, the so-called "global cities" of the modern globalized economy, can count on relatively fairer returns for their work, commensurate with their political clout, class status and capacity to manage the communication and financial infrastructures that are at the heart of the globalized neoliberal model. Unionized workers, a vanishing breed, can generally count on a fairer deal than non-unionized workers. On the other end of the spectrum, farmers who produce agricultural products or handicrafts are marginalized in a capitalist economy. They have little clout in world markets or national political processes, and little "wealth" (as measured by the capitalist in terms of capital accumulation), and the prices of their goods in capitalist markets reflect this relative lack of power.

An alternative economy model embodies many principles traditionally associated with fair trade, but goes beyond by defining a new kind of market. Exchange is no longer just about the exchange of goods for money. It is about the construction of alternative relationships that are largely outside capitalist market mechanisms. It is about the possibility of alternative power relations and more liberating political systems. It is about building direct relationships in a globalized world between local producers and final consumers, the intern, acting as a communication link. The alternative economy is the beginning of a process of profound change, not an end in itself.

Think Globally, Act Locally refers to the argument that global environmental problems can turn into action only by considering ecological, economic, and cultural differences of our local surroundings. The natural and social units should maintain or recapture their identity, yet interplay with each other through a rich system of communications. In order to improve our impact on the environment, it is more effective for an individual to change their own consumption than wait for global action
"Think globally, act locally" urges people to consider the health of the entire planet and to take action in their own communities and cities. Long before governments began enforcing environmental laws, individuals were coming together to protect habitats and the organisms that live within them. These efforts are referred to as grassroots efforts. They occur on a local level and are primarily run by volunteers and helpers.